The great milestones of artificial intelligence
The top 3 according to 17 votes from people: The Dartmouth conference (1956) · The perceptron (1958) · Deep Blue beats Kasparov (1997). (Updated Apr 9, 2026.)
From the artificial neuron of 1943 and the Turing test to Deep Blue, AlphaGo, ChatGPT and DeepSeek: the moments that made AI what it is today. Which one changed everything?
Automatically translated (original in Français). See the original
Top 20
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1
The Dartmouth conference (1956)
The birth of the term "artificial intelligence".
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2
The perceptron (1958)
Frank Rosenblatt and the first learning machine.
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3
Deep Blue beats Kasparov (1997)
IBM's computer beats the world chess champion.
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4
DeepSeek V3 and R1 (2024–2025)
A cutting-edge Chinese model trained for a fraction of the cost.
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5
The McCulloch–Pitts neuron (1943)
The first mathematical model of a neuron.
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6
The Turing test (1950)
"Can a machine think?"
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7
ELIZA and Shakey the robot (1966)
The first chatbot and the first reasoning robot.
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8
Backpropagation (1986)
Neural networks learn from their mistakes.
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9
GANs (2014)
Two competing AIs that create images.
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10
DQN masters Breakout (2015)
DeepMind learns to play Atari games by itself.
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11
AlphaGo beats Lee Sedol (2016)
Go, thought to be out of reach, falls.
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12
LLaMA (2023)
Meta's open model.
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13
The DARPA Grand Challenge (2005)
The self-driving car Stanley covers 212 km on its own.
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14
AlexNet (2012)
Deep learning crushes image recognition.
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15
The Transformer (2017)
Google's architecture behind large language models.
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16
AlphaFold (2020)
Predicting the shape of proteins.
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17
GPT-3 (2020)
175 billion parameters.
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18
PaLM and scaling laws (2022)
The bigger the model, the better it works.
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19
ChatGPT (2022)
A million users in five days.
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20
Watson wins Jeopardy! (2011)
IBM triumphs on the TV quiz.
How is this ranking ordered? By people's votes: each ▲ adds a point and each ▼ takes one away. Anyone can vote and add what is missing.
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